India-Pakistan Relations

Background of the Pakistan-China Relationship: Cold War Era: Initially, Pakistan was a member of two United States-led anti-communist military pacts, SEATO and CENTO. Pakistan was seen as part of the non-Soviet bloc and China, under Mao Zedong, was on the other side of the aisle. On the other hand, India had a working relationship with China. The two countries had the same anti-colonial, …

Pakistan-China Closeness and its implication for India – UPSC GS2 Read More »

Present crisis in Pakistan: Failing Economy. Political instability which leads to weak coalition governments Social conflicts like caste and religion External pressure to bring domestic changes. Why Pakistan failed as a state? Various decisions made by Pakistan governments in past has backfired: Cross border terrorism: With the end of the Cold War, Pakistan chose to opt …

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Siachen Glacier: Siachen Glacier is the longest glacier in the Karakoram and the second-longest in the world’s non-polar areas. Location: The glacier is located in the Eastern Karakoram range in the Himalayas. It lies just northeast of Point NJ9842, where the Line of Control between India and Pakistan ends. The Siachen Glacier lies immediately south of the great …

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Context: Pakistan has released its National Security Policy document which indicates that Pakistan has started looking inwards (domestic issues). Key points related to India: There is no demand for the reversal of changes made in J&K by India. There is a clear emphasis on the economy as the main bedrock of national security. Pakistan’s economy …

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Context: India and Pakistan have partially opened their land border recently. Facts: After the Pulwama terror attack, bilateral trade between the two countries plummeted from around $2 billion in 2017-18 to $280 million in 2020-21 (April to February). (#Diagram Graph) Developments in Past years: Pakistan’s unilateral suspension of trade:  After India’s decision to revoke Article 370, …

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How will peace with Pakistan help in transforming South Asia? The India-Pakistan hostility hurts regionalism and South Asian growth. Peace between India and Pakistan will be beneficial for all the nations constituting the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). Good economic value can be derived from South Asian economic integration. SAARC has remained a victim …

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Developments in India- Pakistan Relations indicating backchannel diplomacy Recently, important developments took place between India and Pakistan which suggests the functioning of an ongoing backchannel talk. India-Pakistan agreement to follow Ceasefireat LoC. It indicates coordination at diplomatic level and high-level political approval. Scheduling of the much-delayed Indus Water Treaty talks.  Granting of sports visas. There were …

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Context: Pakistan Hindu Council has sent a proposal to India to allow pilgrims of both countries to travel by air to avoid complicated procedures. Existing religious exchanges between India-Pakistan: Kartarpur corridor came up in 2019 due to attempts made by both governments. This was the year when the two countries nearly went to war over …

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Ceasefire agreements between India and Pakistan: The Karachi agreement of 1949 This agreement ended the first war between newly formed India and Pakistan. It was the first ceasefire agreement between the two countries. It was supervised by the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan. This agreement created a boundary line in Kashmir called the Ceasefire Line or CFL. Accordingly, the …

Various Ceasefire agreements between India and Pakistan – UPSC GS2 Read More »

Background: India and Pakistan had agreed to a ceasefire on the LoC in November 2003. The ceasefire along the borders was first enforced on November 23, 2003, when the then Pakistan Prime Minister Zafarullah Jamali announced the decision on the eve of Eid-ul-Fitr and his then Indian counterpart late Atal Behari Vajpayee immediately reciprocated. Though …

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