International Groups

Bangladesh-Bhutan-India-Nepal (BBIN) Group: BBIN stands for Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal It is a sub-regional architecture of these 4 countries Aims to formulate, implement and review quadrilateral agreements across areas such as water resources management, connectivity of power, transport, and infrastructure Motor Vehicle Agreement It was signed on 15th June 2015 in Thimphu, Bhutan. It seeks to facilitate …

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Quad Group: It is the Quadrilateral Strategic Dialogue between four countries viz. India, United States, Japan, and Australia. Origin: The grouping traces its genesis to 2004, when the four countries came together to coordinate relief operations in the aftermath of the tsunami. However, the idea of Quad was initiated in 2007 by the Japanese Prime …

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It is an informal strategic forum comprising : India, Japan, Australia United States of America The shared objective is to ensure and sustain an open, free and prosperous Indo-Pacific region. The idea behind the QUAD is to keep the strategic and significant sea routes in the Indo-Pacific free of any influence. Established in 2007–2008. Discontinued.  …

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G77: Group of 77 is the largest intergovernmental organization of developing countries in the United Nations. It was established in 1964 by 77 developing countries. Aim: To promote its members’ collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations and promote South-South cooperation for development. Members: The members of G-77 have …

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ADMM stands for ASEAN Defence Ministers Meeting ADMM-Plus is a platform for ASEAN and its eight dialogue partners to strengthen security and defence co-operation for peace, stability, and development in the region. Dialogue Partners are: Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Russian Federation and United States, Its objective is to promote mutual trust …

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Arctic Council: The Arctic Council is an intergovernmental organisation formally established in 1996 by The Ottawa Declaration. It aims to promote cooperation, coordination and interaction between the Arctic States. Members: a) Canada b) Denmark, c) Finland d) Iceland e) Norway f) Russia g) Sweden and h) United States. India: India has received the ‘Observer’ country status in …

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EU is an economic and political partnership It has 27 member countries. UK withdrew from EU in 2020. The EU was created by the Maastricht Treaty. The treaty entered into force on November 1,1993. Law made in European Parliament is applicable and binding on all member states directly. Its member states are committed to same basic values: …

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OPEC stands for Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Founded in 1960 in Bagdad HQ : Vienna 13 members Algeria, Angola, Congo Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia (the de facto leader), United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. OPEC sets production targets for its member nations and generally, when OPEC production targets are reduced, oil …

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It is a regional intergovernmental group. It deals with political and economic issues It includes all Arab states of Persian Gulf except Iraq Members : Bahrain Kuwait Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia UAE Established : 1981 HQ : Riyadh, Saudi Arabia All members are monarchies, including three constitutional monarchies (Kuwait, Qatar and Bahrain), two absolute monarchies …

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BRICS: BRICS is an acronym for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa Originally it was BRIC (S. Africa included in 2010). Term coined in 2001. BRICS does not exist in the form of organization, but it is an annual summit between the supreme leaders of five nations. First formal summit was held in 2009 in …

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