Bucharest Nine (B9): The B 9 is a group of nine NATO countries in Eastern Europe that became part of the US-led military alliance after the end of the Cold War. The B 9 or Bucharest Format, often abbreviated as the B9, was founded on November 4, 2015. It takes its name from Bucharest, the capital of Romania. B9, it is also …
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS): The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is an intergovernmental organisation created in 1991 amongst the former countries of the Soviet Union. It focused on cooperation in the following aspects: Political, Economic, Environmental, Humanitarian, Cultural and Other Issues The founding states of the CIS include Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. The remaining …
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Russia-India-China(RIC) is a strategic grouping that was founded in the late 1990s under the leadership of Yevgeny Primakov, a Russian politician, as a counterbalance to the Western alliance. Aim: To end its subservient foreign policy guided by the USA and renew old ties with India and foster the newly discovered friendship with China. Significance: Together, the RIC countries occupy …
Formation of the Organisation of Turkic States In 1992, the then Turkish President convened the first Turkish summit with some central Asian states. In 2009, the annual summit with the inner Asian states was converted into a Council of Turkic States. Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan joined Turkey as founding members. It was hailed as the “first voluntary alliance of …
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Like-Minded Developing Countries (LMDC): LMDC is a group of developing countries that have organized themselves as block negotiators in international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organization. They represent more than 50% of the world’s population. Member countries: LMDC comprises around 25 developing countries from Asia and other regions. It includes countries like India, China, Bolivia among …
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It is a geopolitical alliance (bloc) of four advanced developing countries: Brazil, South Africa, India and China. It was established by agreement in 2009. These four countries collectively account for one-third of world’s geographical area and nearly 40% of world’s population. BASIC countries broadly have common position on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and raising the …
17+1 cooperation forum: The 17+1 cooperation forum is a China-led initiative founded in the year 2012. Aim: To expand cooperation between China and the Central and Eastern European(CEE) member countries. This is done through investments and trade for the development of the CEE region. The initiative focuses on infrastructure projects such as bridges, motorways, railway lines and …
D10 Group of Countries: D10 is a proposal by the UK Prime Minister to turn the G7 into a forum for the world’s ten leading democracies. The D10 would include G7 countries (UK, US, Italy, Germany, France, Japan, and Canada) plus Australia, South Korea, and India.
Council of the European Union: Council of the European Union was established in 1967. It is one of the Institutions of the European Union(EU) as listed in the Treaty on European Union. Functions: It is tasked with: Negotiating and adopting EU laws (in most cases together with the European Parliament) Coordinating EU member states’ policies Developing the EU’s common …
It is European continent’s leading human rights organisation whose stated aim is to uphold human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe. The organisation is separate from European Union (EU). It was established in 1949 with Headquarters in Strasbourg, France. Objective: to achieve a greater unity between its members countries for purpose of …