National Laws in News

Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019: The CAA provides citizenship to six undocumented non-Muslim communities (Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians) from Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh who entered India on or before 31st December, 2014. It exempts the members of the six communities from any criminal case under the Foreigners Act, 1946 and the Passport Act, 1920. The two Acts …

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How are Minerals regulated in India? Ownership of Mineral: The State Governments are the owners of minerals located within the boundary of the State concerned. District Mineral Foundations are statutory bodies in India established by the State Governments by notification. They derive their legal status from Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 The …

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What is Essential Services Maintenance Act (ESMA)? Essential Services Maintenance Act (ESMA) allows the government to prohibit striking employees from refusing to work in certain essential services, which are necessary for the maintenance of normal life in the country. What are essential services? Any service with respect to which the Parliament has power to make …

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Guardianship related laws in India: Laws governing guardianship in India are: Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, (HMGA) 1956 Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937 Both these acts recognize the father as the natural guardian of the child even as they provide the custody of a young child to a mother. The fact that guardianship rests …

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What is a First Information Report (FIR)? First Information Report (FIR) is a written document prepared by the police when they receive information about the commission of a cognizable offence. It is a report of information that reaches the police first in point of time and that is why it is called the First Information Report. It is generally …

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Cognizable Offence: A cognizable offence is one in which the police may arrest a person without warrant. They are authorized to start investigation into a cognizable case on their own and do not require any orders from the court to do so. Non-cognizable Offence: A non-cognizable offence is an offence in which a police officer …

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Positive Vs. Negative Secularism:  Positive Secularism:  A nation performs positive secularism when the constitution of that country has more power than religion. Positive secularism is where the state plays an enabler role in the exercise of fundamental rights and the religious freedoms of all communities. Negative Secularism:  Under ‘negative secularism’, the state says that nobody …

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Central Media Accreditation Guidelines-2022: Applications for accreditation are vetted by a Central Press Accreditation Committee headed by the DG, PIB. At present, there are 2,457 PIB-accredited journalists in the country. Provisions: Provisions to Withdraw/Suspend Accreditation: If a journalist acts in a manner prejudicial to the country’s security, sovereignty and integrity, friendly relations with foreign States, public order …

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What is the NEET Exam [National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test]? The National Eligibility Entrance Test (NEET) is the qualifying test for MBBS and BDS programmes in Indian medical and dental colleges. It is conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA). Background of NEET exams: NEET was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court itself in 2013. In 2016, …

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 Registration of the births and deaths act, 1969(RBD Act) Under the RBD act, it is the responsibility of the states to register births and deaths. States have set up facilities for the same and a chief registrar is an executive authority for the implementation of the act. The registrar general of India is responsible for …

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