Project Tiger
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Aims at conserving India’s national animal i.e. Tiger.
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Launched in 1973
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The tiger reserves are constituted on a core/buffer strategy.
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The core areas have the legal status of a national park or a sanctuary, whereas the buffer or peripheral areas are a mix of forest and non-forest land, managed as a multiple use area.
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The Project Tiger aims to foster an exclusive tiger agenda in the core areas of tiger reserves, with an inclusive people oriented agenda in the buffer.
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It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change providing central assistance to the tiger States for tiger conservation in designated tiger reserves.
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The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is a statutory body of the Ministry, with an overarching supervisory / coordination role, performing functions as provided in the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
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Wild tigers are found in 18 States in India
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The All India tiger estimation is carried out once in every four years.
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Madhya Pradesh (526) has maximum tigers in our country followed by Karnataka (524) and Uttarakhand (442).
Why save Tigers?
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Tigers are terminal consumers in the ecological food pyramid, and their conservation results in the conservation of all trophic levels in an ecosystem
Challenges in Tiger conservation
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protection against poaching,
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fragmentation of habitat,
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securing inviolate space for tiger to facilitate its social dynamics,
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addressing tiger-human interface,
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restoration of corridors and eliciting public support of local people by providing ecologically sustainable options.
Related info:
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger_reserves_of_India . Please go through the list once. Try to see all places in maps (most have wiki pages). Focus on mountains, rivers, state boundaries etc. UPSC asks map based questions from this area. (Atleast cover major one’s and last 5 added in the list)
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Global Tiger Forum(GTF):
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It is the only inter-governmental international body established in 1993 with members from willing countries to embark on a global campaign to protect the Tiger.
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It is located in New Delhi, India.
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Global Tiger Initiative(GTI):
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It was launched in 2008 as a global alliance of governments, international organizations, civil society and the private sector with the aim of working together to save wild tigers from extinction.
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In 2013, the scope was broadened to include Snow Leopards.
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