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Formalin is used widely as a preservative and disinfectant.
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Formalin causes irritation in the eyes, throat, skin and stomach.
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In the long run continued exposure causes harm to the kidneys, liver and can even cause cancers.
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Formalin or formaldehyde is sprayed on the fish or injected into the fish or the fish is dipped into the solution.
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This helps keep the fish fresh for a longer time.
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Usually, people who buy fish check the gills for freshness, if it is red it denotes freshness, when formalin is used the gills remain red for longer periods.
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In some cases, fishermen also apply kumkum to retain redness.
