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Also known as Biodiversity Convention
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It is a multilateral treaty
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Opened for signature on 5 June 1992 in Rio De Janeiro
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Entered into force in 1993
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It is legally binding
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Convention has 3 main goals :
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Conservation of biological diversity
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Sustainable use of its components; and
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Fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources
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India plays an active part in this treaty. India is a party to convention.
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USA has signed but not ratified.
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Secretariat: The CBD Secretariat is based in Montreal, Canada, and it operates under the United Nations Environment Programme.
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Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety :
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Also known as biosafety protocol
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Adopted in 2000; Came into force in 2003
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The Biosafety Protocol seeks to protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by living modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology.
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Genetically Modified Organisms can be regulated under this protocol
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Nagoya Protocol:
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Adopted in Conference of Parties 10 (CoP10) (2010)
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It deals with access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity
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It is a supplementary agreement to the Convention on Biological Diversity.
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Aichi Biodiversity Targets:
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These were included in the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity for the 2011-2020 period adopted by the 10th meeting of the Conference of the Parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity. T
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There are 20 Aichi Targets classified under 5 Strategic Goals.